Cov khoom siv stainless hlau phaj, lub hauv paus khoom siv dav siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev lag luam thiab kev siv pej xeem, muaj cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov ntawv sau ntawm nws cov khoom siv thawj. Cov khoom siv stainless hlau lub ntsiab lus yog hlau.Qhov ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv chromium (ni), thiab molybdenum resistance, lub zog, thiab txheej txheem. Raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev ua tau zoo sib txawv, cov hom hlau stainless ua tau rau ua plaub hom tseem ceeb: kev sib txawv, martensitic, thiab Duplex stainless hlau. Txhua hom yog tsim rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Austenitic Stainless Hlau: ib tug sawv cev ntawm cov neeg siab corrosion tsis kam thiab muaj peev xwm
Anustenitic Stainless hlau yog qhov feem ntau siv hom stainless hlau phaj, feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm 304 (06cr19NI10) thiab 316 (06cr17NI2) koob. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog cov ntsiab lus chromium ntawm 16%}}}}}}}}} {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{ Qhov kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov npib tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txhim kho cov khoom siv tawv, tswj cov duction zoo los ntawm -196℃rau 800 degree. Chromium thiab Molybdenum synergistically forme criao₃ passive corrosion, thiab cov khoom siv roj av muaj zog, thiab cov khoom siv tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau cov nqi pheej yig thiab cov nqi ua kom loj thiab. Qhov kev sib ntxiv ntawm molybdenum ntxiv kom txhim kho 316's Reforide ion pitting, ua rau nws xaiv cov khoom siv ua lag luam, kho mob, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, Austenitic Stainless hlau tsis yog kev sib nqus thiab ua yeeb yam ib txwm ua rau cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li cov cai sib tw thiab khoov mus sib ntsib ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua.
Cov hlau ferritic stainless: kev xaiv saum toj rau tus nqi qis thiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion.
Ferritic stainless hlau muaj chromium raws li kev sib dhos ua ntej muaj xws li 430%) thiab 444 (00cr18mo2). Nws cov microstructure muaj cov ferrite nplej nrog lub cev-nruab nrab cubic (BCC) cov qauv. Vim nws muaj tsis muaj lossis tsuas yog cov nyiaj npib tsib xee (feem ntau<0.5%), its cost is significantly lower than that of austenitic stainless steel. The greatest advantage of ferritic stainless steel is its excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, particularly in hot water environments containing chloride ions (such as water heaters and heat exchangers). Furthermore, its high thermal conductivity (approximately twice that of austenite) and low coefficient of thermal expansion make it suitable for temperature-sensitive industrial components. However, ferritic stainless steel has relatively low strength and toughness, is prone to embrittlement during cold working (especially embrittlement at 475°C and sigma phase precipitation), and has poor formability. Therefore, it is typically used to manufacture components with high corrosion resistance requirements but simple shapes, such as building curtain walls, automotive exhaust pipes, and kitchen appliances.
Martensitic Stainless Hlau: ib qho piv txwv ua piv txwv ntawm lub zog siab thiab hnav tsis kam.
Martensitic stainless hlau, los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau (0.1%- 1.2%), ua ib qho nyuaj tab sis britting martensite qauv tom qab quenching. Cov qib sawv cev suav nrog 410 (12CR13) thiab 440C (11Cr17MO). Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog lub zog siab (tensile muaj zog tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800-1500 MPA), ua rau nws haum rau cov ntawv thov kom muaj zog lossis kev sib txhuam. Thaum cov ntsiab lus chromium yog txaus los ua ib qho yooj yim corrosion-resistant zaj duab xis ntxiv rau txo cov ruaj khov ntawm passive zaj duab xis. Yog li ntawd, martensitic stainless hlau nthuav tawm cov tsis muaj zog tsis muaj zog tsis muaj zog dua li Austenite thiab Ferrite. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau tab sis corrosion kuj tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau, xws li txiav cov cuab yeej, li qub, thiab cov khoom siv tshuab. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qee cov hlau stainless hlau (xws li 420J2) tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab corrosion kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov, nthuav dav lawv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom huv.
Duplex Stainless Hlau: Ib qho kev sib tawg hauv kev ua tau zoo
Duplex stainless hlau (xws li 2205, lossis 00cr22ni5mo3n) yog cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Austenite, txhua qhov muaj kwv yees li 50% ntawm txhua theem. Nws cov khoom yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib npaug tsis zoo ntawm chromium (22% {15% {21% -3%), thiab nitrogen (0.1% -0.3%). Nws muab cov siab tawv ntawm Austenite nrog lub siab corrosion tsis kam ntawm ferrite, pren) ntau tshaj li 30, nyob deb ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab. Nws muaj kev tshwj xeeb rau dej hiav txwv, pickling cov kev daws teeb meem, thiab cov chlorine-muaj cov xov xwm. Ruplex stainless hlau boualts kwv yees kwv yees li ob zaug lub zog ntawm kev lag luam zoo li qub, ua rau nws muaj kev lag luam petyrys zoo li cov khoom siv hnyav, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov pa hluav taws. Txawm hais tias nws tus nqi siab dua, cov yas stuplex tau dhau los ua kev sib npaug ntawm cov kev cai high-ills, corrosion tsis kam, thiab pheej yig.
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Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau siv nyob rau hauv stainless hlau phaj ua tiav qhov kev sib tw ntawm corrosion tsis kam, lub zog, thiab txheej txheem los ntawm kev tsim qauv alloy. Los ntawm txhua hnub khoom rau siab -}} cov khoom siv cov khoom sib txawv uas tau sib ntsib ntau yam kev lag luam thiab pej xeem kev xav tau. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv cov ntaub ntawv txuj ci, kev txhim kho cov hlau tshiab steels (xws li {} {} {} Kev sib koom ua ke rau cov neeg muaj kev tsim khoom loj.
